A history of traumas of EU Communication (1992-present)
September 5, 2014
If we look at the European communication history, we see a crucial moment: the referendum of 1992, when the Danish rejected the Maastricht Treaty. They will finally provide their approval next year, after the government negotiated several sectorial amendments, especially in the field of justice and home affairs, but also in terms of defense cooperation.
In 2001 we witnessed the “first Irish NO” when they rejected by referendum the Treaty of Nice. A year later, after a second referendum, the Irish ratified the Treaty, having received guarantees from several EU Member States.
The 2004 European Parliament elections stressed the worsening lack of interest of citizens for EU policies, the turnout being only 45.47%. The Commission Barroso I, in office between 2004 and 2009, responded by appointing a new Commissioner for Communication, which was filled by the former Environment Commissioner Margot Wallström.
EU leaders were shocked by the double rejection of the European Constitution, following referendums in France and the Netherlands organized the 2005. Ratification process reached an impasse, and in June 2005, EU leaders decided to start a “period of reflection” before deciding where to turn after this crisis.
On 12 June 2008, Ireland votes “NO” in the referendum on the Lisbon Treaty. Irish voters rejected the Union’s entire political class with a resounding “NO” project addressed the Lisbon Treaty; the EU was thrown in another political crisis.
Again, the 2009 elections for the European Parliament highlighted a continued growth of the lack of interest of citizens for EU policies, with only 43.08% of voters in elections.
After eight years of struggle and turmoil, the EU “reform treaty”, the Treaty of Lisbon, entered into force on 1 December 2009. EU leaders believe that the Lisbon Treaty will refresh decision-making processes in the European institutions, contributing to the functioning of a more effective and democratic European Union of 27 countries (now 28).
Barroso continues to be the head of the European Commission for a second term, and decides after 2009, that a dedicated Commissioner, responsible only for communication, is counter-productive. Therefore the portfolio for communication is transferred to his left hand, and one of his most trusted allies, Viviane Reding, who already a comprehensive portfolio including justice, citizenship and fundamental rights.
Author : Dan Luca
Comments
Comments are closed.
Hello
We admire you for taking the first step in putting up your own business. We want to assist you in bringing your dream into fruition by providing you the low-interest business loan and other credit facilities that you need to expand or pay for the start-up expenses.
Though there are many financing companies out there that refuse to provide start-up loans and other credit facilities with the belief that they are too risky. Our company is not one of them. We understand the importance of getting a business jumpstarted and are not afraid to be of assistance.
We offer business loans, housing loans, bank guarantee, standby Letter of Credit; Letter of credits, Medium term notes, and so many others from AAA rated banks between US$100,000 – US$1 Billion at 3% minimal interest and leasing rates. We cover all your credit facilities needs and offer low interest rates and effortless payment plans.
Other packages include long term project partnership funding, joint ventures partnership, investment funding, invention partnership funding, contract funding and other partnership funding for those that have good business plans and ongoing projects without enough money to finance or complete it.
Our goal is to be able to help everyone as much as possible, regardless of what your credit report has to say. We didn’t establish our company to discriminate. Email us today and discuss with us to see the great deals we have to offer. We want your business to succeed just as much as you do. Let us assist you
During our 12 years operation in financing we didn’t receive any negative feedback from our clients.
If you’re looking for a loan that will fund the establishment or expansion of your own business, we are here to give it to you.
Email: creditfacilitiesconsultant@gmail.com us today regarding questions you may have and discuss with us to see the great deals we have to offer. We want your business to succeed just as much as you do. Let us assist you. We look forward to serving you.
I am waiting for your response.
Best regards
Michael
Credit Facilities Consultant